Horticulture JRF 2018 question paper

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Agriculture statistics and Horticulture

 1.Experiments used to study the effects of two or more factors and their interrelationship is  .... factorial experiments

2. Level of significance is the probability of  ...,.Type 1 error

3. The probability of an impossible event is ......zero

4. F test is also known as ..... variance ratio test

5. Coefficient of variation is calculated by SD/Mean

6. Relation between standard deviation and mean deviation is .......5MD=4SD

7. A student T test was given by..... WS Gossett

8. Rank correlation is tested by T test

9. The degree of flatness or peakness of the frequency curve is known as  .......kurtosis

10. Lack of symmetry of frequency distribution is known as skewness

11. The correlation Coefficient lies between -1 to + 1

 12 the off season mango variety is Niranjan

13. the ratio of pollenizer and main crop in Apple Orchard should be 9 : 1

14. seedless F1 hybrid of watermelon is pusa bedana

15. pointed gourd is propagated through stem cutting

16. oldest Banyan tree is located in Indian Botanical Garden Sibpore Kolkata

17.60 blaze is a variety of climber rose

18 mango variety most suitable for high density planting is Amrapali 1600 trees in one hectare

19 which type of inflore%scence is found in papaya auxiliary panicles

20. family of Jasmine oleaceae

21. seedlessness in grape is due to stenospermocarpy

22. The word vitamin was coined by casimir funk

23 which vitamin B is generally absent in vegetables vitamin B12

24 National Horticulture board was established at Gurgaon under which act the societies Registration Act 1860

25 largest family of flowering plant is orchidaceae

26 according to ICMR the recommended vegetables consumption in India is 300 gram per capita per day

27 per capita consumption of vegetables in India is 130 gram per day

28 International Institute of horticulture is situated in Brazil

29 seed plot technique in potato was developed by Dr Puskarnath

30. Which coloured brinjal is preferred by diabetic patients white colour

31 the acidity of tomato fruit is due to citric acid and malic acid

32 lycopene pigment is responsible for red colour in tomato it is highest at 2'C to 24'C

 33 the first root knot nematode resistant variety of tomato is sel-120

34 hormones used in cucurbits to modify sex and to induce femaleness GA & NAA(Agrimantra)

35 Ivy gourd is also known as kundru / little guard/ tondi/ coccinia

36 pointed gourd is propagated through stem cutting

37 seedless F1 hybrid of watermelon is pusa bedana

38 pusa arunima is crossed between amarpali*  sensation

39 fruit tyoe of mango Fleshy Drupe

40. Main nutrients of mango vitamin A (46660IU)

 41 mango variety most suitable for high density planting is Amrapali 1600 trees in one hectare

42 the off season mango variety is Niranjan

43 mango malformation a serious physical disorder was first observed in which state Bihar in 1891


44 the only citrus fruit which content malic acid  ...... sweet orange

45 the seedlessness in Banana is due to vegetative parthenocarpy

46 in banana the sequential cutting of the plant after harvest is called mottocking

47 lady finger is the variety of banana

 48 which type of inflorescence is found in papaya auxiliary panicles

49 m27 a variety of Apple as a result of cross between m13 and m9(Agrimantra)

50 the ratio of pollenizer and main crop in Apple Orchard should be 9 : 1

51 type of self incompatibility is found in Apple gametophytic

 52 the fruit recommended for sugar patient is Jamun

53 Ganesh Kirti is the variety of Ber

54 ne plus Ultra is the variety of almond

55 plum Blossoms Aroma is due to benzaldehyde

56 rootstock of cherry is colt

57 Gulkand is prepared by mixing rose petals and sugar in the ratio of 1 : 1

58 fruit of rose is known as hip

59 rose flowers required to produce 1 gram of oil 2000 flowers.

Horticulture MCQ - ICAR JRF- part 1

1 National Research Centre for Litchi is situated at:
a. Peddavagi b Anand c. Patna d. Muzaffarpur


2 International Network for Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP) is situated at
a. Washington USA b. Thirucirapalli TN c. Montpellire, France d. Rome Italy

3 Which fruit crop under family of Rosaceae is a evergreen i nature?
a. Apple b. Loquat c. Almond d. Peach

4 Protandry type of dichogamy obtained in
a. A. Squamosa b. Fig c. Pomegranate d. Passion Fruit

5 Gynodioecious cross pllinated fruit crop is
a. Grape b. Fig c. Banana d. Kokum

6 Etaerio of Achenes is type of fruit crop
a. Rasp berry b. Bullock heart c. Black berry d. Strawberry

7 Guava is a
a. Long day plant b. Short day plant c. Day neutral plant d. none of these

8 Rambutan is classified on the basis of their
a. Auto triploid b. Amphidiploid c. Auto tetraploid d. Auto hexaploid

9 Annona is a
a. Climactic fruit b. None climatic fruit c. Both a and b d. None of these

10 Mallic Acid is present in
a. Citrus b. Guava c. Cherry d. Pear

11 Which fruit crop is origin Indo-China
a. Jamun b. Mango c.Carambola d. Aonla

12 Chromosome number of star fruit and star apple is
a. 24, 36 b. 22, 34 c. 28, 38 d. 34, 18

13 Which is family of Cocao?
a. Sapindaceae b. Proteaceae c. Sterculiaceae d. Tilliaceae

14 Who is the father of Systematic Pomology
a. Linnaeaus b. Dr. R.N. Singh c. Woodhose d. De Candolle

15 Bunch top of Banana was first observed in 1891 in
a. Pune b. Rome c. Fiji d. None of these

16 Stimulative type of Parthenecarpy observed in
a. Fig b. Grape c. Pineapple d. Black Corianth var.

17 IIHR, Bangalore is established in
a. 1968 b. 1967 c. 1961 d. 1970

18 Recurrent type of apomisis is in
a. Apple b. Mangostem c. Javapluin d. Mango

19 Kinnow var. developed by Dr. H.B. Frost is
a. 1959 b. 1930 c. 1939 d. 1935

20 Redumentary tpe of fruit is observed in which variety of sweet orange ?
a. Hamlin b. Shamouti c. Washington Novel d. Pineapple


*comment your answers below :)

Planting systems in horticulture

Square system

It is the most commonly used method and easy to layout in the field. In this system, plant to plant and row to row distance is the same. The plants are at the right angle to each other, every unit of four plants forming a square. This system facilitates the interculture in two directions after the orchard is planted.

Advantages

• Most easy and popular one.
• In this row to row and plant to plant distance is kept similar.
• Plants are exactly at right angle to each other.
• Interculture operations can be done in both the directions.
• Adequate space for inter-cultivation of remunerative crops like vegetables.
•  Square System of Planting

Rectangular system

In this system, the plot is divided into rectangles instead of squares and trees are planted at the four corners of the rectangle in straight rows running at right angles. Like square system, this system also facilitates the interculture in two directions. The only difference is that in this system more plants can be accommodated in the row keeping more space between the rows.

Advantages

• Lay out in rectangular shape.
• More space between row to row.
• Inter-cultural operations can be done in both the ways.
• Plants get proper space and sunlight.
•  Rectangular System of Planting

Hexagonal system

In hexagonal system, the trees are planted in the corners of equilateral triangles. Six trees thus form a hexagon with another tree at its centre. This system, though a little difficult for execution but accommodates 15 percent more plants. Cultivation of land between the tree rows is possible in three directions with this system. This system is generally followed where the land is costly and very fertile with ample provision of irrigation water.

Advantages

• Accommodates 15 % more plants than the square system.
• Plants are planted at the corner of equilateral triangle.
• Six trees are planted making a hexagon.
• The seventh tree is planted in the centre and called septule.
• This requires fertile land.

Disadvantage

• Lay out is difficult and cumbersome.
•  Hexagonal System of Planting

Quincunx system

This system is exactly like the square system but one additional tree is planted in the centre of each square.
The number of plants per acre by this system is almost doubled than the square system.

Fruit trees like papaya, kinnow, phalsa, guava, peach, plum etc. can be planted as fillers in the permanent trees provides an additional income to the grower in the early life of the orchard.
The filler trees are uprooted when the main orchard trees start commercial fruiting.



Contour system

This system is usually followed in the hilly areas with high slopes but it is very much similar to the square/rectangular system.
Under such circumstances, the trees may be well planted in lines following the contour of the soil with only a slight slope.
Irrigation and cultivation are then practiced only across the slope of the land as this practice reduces the chances of soil erosion.
In this system layout is done as in square/rectangular system, first by establishing the base line at the lowest level and then marking for the trees should be done from the base to the top.
Bench terraces are used where the slope is greater than 10 per cent.

Triangular system

In this system, trees are planted as in the square system but the plants in the 2nd, 4th, 6th and such other alternate rows are planted midway between the 1st, 3rd, 5th and such other alternative rows.
This system provides more open space for the trees and for intercrop.

Term definition horticulture and its meaning

The term HORTICULTURE is derived from two Latin words - ―


HORTUS meaning - "GARDEN‟
CULTURA" meaning - "CULTIVATION‟




Definition 

Horticulture is a science and technique of production, processing and merchandizing of fruits,vegetables, flowers, spices, plantations, medicinal and aromatic plants.